Copyright (c) 2026 Ali Reza Haidari, Mohammad Mahdi Hassanzadah, Mahdi Hassani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Moderating Role of Self-Regulation in the Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Academic Procrastination
Corresponding Author(s) : Ali Reza Haidari
Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities,
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): April
Abstract
Social media addiction is positively associated with academic procrastination among university students. Nevertheless, the influence of self-regulation within this relationship remains underexplored in the context of Afghanistan. This study examined the association between social media addiction and academic procrastination, as well as the moderating effect of self-regulation, among university students. A cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design was utilized with a sample of 215 students from the Faculty of Education at Bamyan University. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires and analyzed through Pearson correlation and hierarchical moderated regression analysis in SPSS-27. Before calculating the interaction term, the predictor and moderator variables were mean-centered. The results showed a significant positive link between social media addiction and academic procrastination (r = 0.545, p < 0.001). Self-regulation had significant negative relationships with both academic procrastination (r = -0.239, p < 0.001) and social media addiction (r = -0.228, p < 0.001). The overall regression model was significant (R² = 0.312, F = 38.178, p < 0.001). The interaction between social media addiction and self-regulation was also significant and negative (β = -0.230, p < 0.05). This means that self-regulation reduces the positive link between social media addiction and academic procrastination. In other words, when self-regulation is higher, the connection between social media addiction and academic procrastination is weaker, leading to less academic procrastination.
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- Amirthalingam, J., & Khera, A. (2024). Understanding social media addiction: A deep dive. Cureus, 16(10). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.72499
- Asghar, A., Haneef, M., Dhillon, N. R., & Jan, R. (2024). The influence of social media use on academic performance: exploring the role of cognitive load, self-regulation, and motivation among student. Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences, 7(4), 725–740. https://doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v7i4.409
- Avci, S., Cakir, M., & Akinci, T. (2024). Examining Social Media Addiction as a Predictor of Academic Achievement and Academic Procrastination: A Cohort of Undergraduate Students. Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 17(4), 286–298. https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2024.170402
- Bakhtyari, M. B., & Mathur, K. (2024). An Analysis of Social Network Addiction and Emotional Competence among Adolescents in India and Afghanistan. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 15(4).
- Baumeister, R. F., André, N., Southwick, D. A., & Tice, D. M. (2024). Self-control and limited willpower: Current status of ego depletion theory and research. Current Opinion in Psychology, 60, 101882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101882
- Baumeister, R. F., & Heatherton, T. F. (1996). Self-regulation failure: An overview. Psychological inquiry, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1
- Chen, G., & Lyu, C. (2024). The relationship between smartphone addiction and procrastination among students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 224, 112652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.112652
- De la Fuente, J., Martínez-Vicente, J. M., Santos, F. H., Sander, P., Fadda, S., Karagiannopoulou, E., Boruchovitch, E., & Kauffman, D. F. (2022). Advances on self-regulation models: A new research agenda through the SR vs ER behavior theory in different psychology contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 861493. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.861493
- Fathoni, A. R. (2024). The Influence of Social Media Addiction on Academic Procrastination. Journal of Mental Health and Social Rehabilitation, 2(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.52472/jmhsr.v2i1.457
- Gökalp, Z. Ş., Saritepeci, M., & Durak, H. Y. (2023). The relationship between self-control and procrastination among adolescent: The mediating role of multi screen addiction. Current Psychology, 42(15), 13192–13203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02472-2
- Işıkgöz, M. E., Sezan, T., Yüksel, A., & Öztunç, M. (2025). Structural Modeling of Turkish Sports Science Students’ Addiction on Social Media and Academic Procrastination: The Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy. SAGE Open, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251376854
- Kadevari, P., Vaezi, H., & Dastaa, A. (2012). Examining the causal relationship between achievement goals and self-regulated learning strategies with mathematical problem-solving performance. Educational Psychology Journal, 8(23), 96–118.
- Masaki, F. (2023). Self-regulation from the sociocultural perspective—A literature review. Cogent Education, 10(2), 2243763. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2243763
- Mortazavi, F., Mortazavi, S. S., & Khosrorad, R. (2015). Psychometric properties of the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS) in a student sample of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 17(9), e28328. https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.28328
- Naushad, K., Jamil, B., Khan, N. A., & Jadoon, M. (2025). Correlation between social media addiction and academic procrastination in medical students at public and private medical colleges at Peshawar. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 41(3), 837.
- Parvizi, F., Jowkar, B., & Abnavi, Z. (2025). Mediating Role of Problematic Social Media Use in the Relationship Between Perceived Social Support and Academic Procrastination. Iranian Journal of Applied Educational Research, 1–14.
- Peng, P., & Liao, Y. (2023). Six addiction components of problematic social media use in relation to depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms: a latent profile analysis and network analysis. BMC psychiatry, 23(1), 321. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04837-2
- Rasouli, A., Nejad-Ebrahim Soumee, Z., Tirgari Seraji, H., Ramzi, F., & Saed, O. (2025). The Self-Control Bridge: Connecting Social Media Use to Academic Procrastination. Psychological Reports, 00332941251330538.
- Rezai, A. S. (2025). An Investigation into Predicting Academic Procrastination Based on Social Media Addiction among Students of the Faculty of Education, Bamyan University, 2025 Bamyan University, Faculty of Education].
- Sahin, C. (2018). Social media addiction scale-student form: the reliability and validity study. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 17(1), 169–182.
- Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological bulletin, 133(1), 65.
- Tang, Y., & He, W. (2025). Impact of social media addiction on college students’ academic procrastination: a chain mediated effect of lack of self-control and fear of missing out. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1668567. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1668567
- Üztemur, S., & Dinç, E. (2023). Academic procrastination using social media: A cross‐sectional study with middle school students on the buffering and moderator roles of self‐control and gender. Psychology in the Schools, 60(4), 1060–1082.
- Valencia-Ortiz, R., Garay-Ruiz, U., & Cabero-Almenara, J. (2023). Problematic use of online social networks: the case of mexican students. ALTERIDAD. Revista de Educación, 18, 23–33. https://doi.org/0000-0003-4656-5456
- Wakili, S. A. (2025). Studying on the Effect of Mobile- Based Social Networks on Academic Progress of Bamyan University Students in 2025 Bamyan University]. Afghanistan.
- Wolor, C. W. (2025). SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION, SELF-REGULATED LEARNING, AND ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION: A MEDIATION ANALYSIS. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, Perkantoran, dan Akuntansi, 6(2), 389–400.
- Yip, M. C., & Chung, O. L. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of procrastination assessment scale for students. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1016116. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1016116
- Zimmerman, B. J. (2011). Motivational sources and outcomes of self-regulated learning and performance: Graduate center of city university of new york. In Handbook of self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 63–78). Routledge.
References
Amirthalingam, J., & Khera, A. (2024). Understanding social media addiction: A deep dive. Cureus, 16(10). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.72499
Asghar, A., Haneef, M., Dhillon, N. R., & Jan, R. (2024). The influence of social media use on academic performance: exploring the role of cognitive load, self-regulation, and motivation among student. Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences, 7(4), 725–740. https://doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v7i4.409
Avci, S., Cakir, M., & Akinci, T. (2024). Examining Social Media Addiction as a Predictor of Academic Achievement and Academic Procrastination: A Cohort of Undergraduate Students. Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 17(4), 286–298. https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2024.170402
Bakhtyari, M. B., & Mathur, K. (2024). An Analysis of Social Network Addiction and Emotional Competence among Adolescents in India and Afghanistan. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 15(4).
Baumeister, R. F., André, N., Southwick, D. A., & Tice, D. M. (2024). Self-control and limited willpower: Current status of ego depletion theory and research. Current Opinion in Psychology, 60, 101882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101882
Baumeister, R. F., & Heatherton, T. F. (1996). Self-regulation failure: An overview. Psychological inquiry, 7(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1
Chen, G., & Lyu, C. (2024). The relationship between smartphone addiction and procrastination among students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 224, 112652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.112652
De la Fuente, J., Martínez-Vicente, J. M., Santos, F. H., Sander, P., Fadda, S., Karagiannopoulou, E., Boruchovitch, E., & Kauffman, D. F. (2022). Advances on self-regulation models: A new research agenda through the SR vs ER behavior theory in different psychology contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 861493. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.861493
Fathoni, A. R. (2024). The Influence of Social Media Addiction on Academic Procrastination. Journal of Mental Health and Social Rehabilitation, 2(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.52472/jmhsr.v2i1.457
Gökalp, Z. Ş., Saritepeci, M., & Durak, H. Y. (2023). The relationship between self-control and procrastination among adolescent: The mediating role of multi screen addiction. Current Psychology, 42(15), 13192–13203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02472-2
Işıkgöz, M. E., Sezan, T., Yüksel, A., & Öztunç, M. (2025). Structural Modeling of Turkish Sports Science Students’ Addiction on Social Media and Academic Procrastination: The Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy. SAGE Open, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251376854
Kadevari, P., Vaezi, H., & Dastaa, A. (2012). Examining the causal relationship between achievement goals and self-regulated learning strategies with mathematical problem-solving performance. Educational Psychology Journal, 8(23), 96–118.
Masaki, F. (2023). Self-regulation from the sociocultural perspective—A literature review. Cogent Education, 10(2), 2243763. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2243763
Mortazavi, F., Mortazavi, S. S., & Khosrorad, R. (2015). Psychometric properties of the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (PASS) in a student sample of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 17(9), e28328. https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.28328
Naushad, K., Jamil, B., Khan, N. A., & Jadoon, M. (2025). Correlation between social media addiction and academic procrastination in medical students at public and private medical colleges at Peshawar. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 41(3), 837.
Parvizi, F., Jowkar, B., & Abnavi, Z. (2025). Mediating Role of Problematic Social Media Use in the Relationship Between Perceived Social Support and Academic Procrastination. Iranian Journal of Applied Educational Research, 1–14.
Peng, P., & Liao, Y. (2023). Six addiction components of problematic social media use in relation to depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms: a latent profile analysis and network analysis. BMC psychiatry, 23(1), 321. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04837-2
Rasouli, A., Nejad-Ebrahim Soumee, Z., Tirgari Seraji, H., Ramzi, F., & Saed, O. (2025). The Self-Control Bridge: Connecting Social Media Use to Academic Procrastination. Psychological Reports, 00332941251330538.
Rezai, A. S. (2025). An Investigation into Predicting Academic Procrastination Based on Social Media Addiction among Students of the Faculty of Education, Bamyan University, 2025 Bamyan University, Faculty of Education].
Sahin, C. (2018). Social media addiction scale-student form: the reliability and validity study. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 17(1), 169–182.
Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological bulletin, 133(1), 65.
Tang, Y., & He, W. (2025). Impact of social media addiction on college students’ academic procrastination: a chain mediated effect of lack of self-control and fear of missing out. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1668567. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1668567
Üztemur, S., & Dinç, E. (2023). Academic procrastination using social media: A cross‐sectional study with middle school students on the buffering and moderator roles of self‐control and gender. Psychology in the Schools, 60(4), 1060–1082.
Valencia-Ortiz, R., Garay-Ruiz, U., & Cabero-Almenara, J. (2023). Problematic use of online social networks: the case of mexican students. ALTERIDAD. Revista de Educación, 18, 23–33. https://doi.org/0000-0003-4656-5456
Wakili, S. A. (2025). Studying on the Effect of Mobile- Based Social Networks on Academic Progress of Bamyan University Students in 2025 Bamyan University]. Afghanistan.
Wolor, C. W. (2025). SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION, SELF-REGULATED LEARNING, AND ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION: A MEDIATION ANALYSIS. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, Perkantoran, dan Akuntansi, 6(2), 389–400.
Yip, M. C., & Chung, O. L. (2022). Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of procrastination assessment scale for students. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1016116. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1016116
Zimmerman, B. J. (2011). Motivational sources and outcomes of self-regulated learning and performance: Graduate center of city university of new york. In Handbook of self-regulation of learning and performance (pp. 63–78). Routledge.
Accepted 2026-05-03
Published 2026-04-30