Copyright (c) 2025 Khalil Rahman Sarwari, Abdul Wasi Azimi , Rashed Afzali, Sayed Parwiz Rasooly

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Examining the Relationship between Organizational Socialization and Organizational Commitment
Corresponding Author(s) : Khalil Rahman Sarwari
Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities,
Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): July
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational socialization and organizational commitment among employees of the National Disaster Preparedness and Response Authority. This research is applied in nature and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection methodology. The statistical population included all employees of the National Disaster Management Authority, totaling 207 individuals. Using simple random sampling and Morgan’s table, a sample of 132 employees was selected. Standard questionnaires were employed to collect data, including Taormina’s (1997) Organizational Socialization questionnaire and Allen and Meyer’s (1996) Organizational Commitment questionnaire. The validity of both questionnaires was assessed using the opinions of several experts in the field of management. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaires, yielding coefficients of 0.80 for organizational socialization and 0.85 for organizational commitment. Results of Pearson’s correlation test indicated a positive and significant relationship between organizational socialization and employees’ job commitment (r = 0.391, p = 0.000). For the first and second hypotheses, correlation coefficients of 0.379 and 0.370 respectively, with significance levels of 0.000, indicated a positive, moderate, and significant relationship between organizational socialization and affective commitment as well as continuance commitment. However, for the third hypothesis, the correlation coefficient of 0.152 with a significance level of 0.081 indicated a weak and non-significant relationship between organizational socialization and normative commitment of employees. The findings suggest that when organizational socialization is appropriately implemented, it increases organizational commitment, which in turn enhances efficiency and effectiveness within the organization.
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- Abdollahi, B., & Hemmati, M. (2014). The relationship between socialization and organizational commitment among staff of both volunteers & youth organizations in Red Crescent Society of Iran. Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief, 6(1), 43–54. https://sid.ir/paper/190937/en
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- Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18. https://www.researchgate.net/file.PostFileLoader. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
- Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2023). Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice (16th ed.). New York, NY.
- Bahroodi, P., & Sharifi, K. (2022). Organizational commitment of Iranian nurses: A systematic review. Quarterly Journal of Nursing Management, 11(1), 21–32. http://ijnv.ir/article-1-869-en.html
- Ulukapı Yılmaz, H., & Yılmaz, A. (2016). The effect of organizational socialization on organizational commitment: Mediation role of psychological empowerment. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 6204-6219. doi:10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4206.
- Buchanan, B. (1974). Building organizational commitment: The socialization of managers in work organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 19(4), 533–546. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391809
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- Cohen, A., & Veled Hecht, A. (2008). The relationship between organizational socialization and commitment in the workplace among employees in long term nursing care facilities. Personnel Review, 39(5), 537–556. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011064136 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011064136
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- Exum, M. E. (1998). An examination of the relationship between organizational socialization and the organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and role orientation of new student affairs professionals (pp. 12–26). Ohio University.
- Fani, A. A., Hasanzadeh, H., Ahmadi Azarm, H., & Safayi Shakib, A. (2014). Organizational socialization and its role in newly recruited employees' intention to leave: Case study: Pars Oil and Gas Company. Strategic Studies in the Oil and Energy Industry, 5(20), 3–26. http://iieshrm.ir/article-1-357-en.html
- Feldman, D. C. (1981). The multiple socialization of organization members. Academy of Management Review, 6(2), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.2307/257888. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/257888
- Fisher, C. D. (1986). Organizational socialization: An integrative view. Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 4, 101–145. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Talya-Bauer-2
- Gardner, S. K. (2010). Faculty perspectives on doctoral student socialization in five disciplines. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 5, 39–53. https://doi.org/10.28945/1310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.28945/1310
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- Haghighatian, M., Hashemianfar, S. A., & Moradi, G. (2013). The survey of the effect of organizational socialization on social responsibility of employees in Kermanshah Oil Company. Journal of Applied Sociology, 24(3), 71–96. https://jas.ui.ac.ir/article_18316_en.html.
- Hartley, K. (1992). Socialization by way of symbolic interactionism and culture theory: A communication perspective. Annual Meeting of the Speech Communication Association, Chicago, IL.
- Hoveida, R., Jamshidian, A., & Far, M. (2011). A study of the relationship between organizational socialization and commitment of teachers of Hamadan secondary schools. Applied Sociology, 22(3), 63–82. http://jas.ui.ac.ir/article_18234.html.
- Javadin, S. R., Amin, F., Rastagar, A., & Raoufi, S. (2021). Developing an organizational socialization model for the Iranian banking system. Transformation Management Journal, 12(1), 1–22. http://magiran.com/p2253082
- Jones, G. R. (1986). Socialization Tactics, Self-Efficacy, and Newcomers’ Adjustments to Organizations. The Academy of Management Journal, 29(2), 262–279. https://doi.org/10.2307/256188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/256188
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- Louis, M. R. (1980). Surprise and Sense Making: What Newcomers Experience in Entering Unfamiliar Organizational Settings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 226-251.
- https://doi.org/10.2307/2392453. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2392453
- Makvandi, F., & Jahantabinezhad, S. (2018). The concept of organizational socialization and its institutionalization methods. Sociology of Education, 4(1), 171–177. doi: 10.22034/ijes.2018.43743.
- Mansoori, H. (2020). Factors affecting organizational commitment and the role of organizational justice in promoting. Strategic Studies in Petroleum and Energy Industry (Human Resource Management in the Oil Industry), 11(42), 315–343. https://sid.ir/paper/388642/en
- Allen, N.J. and Meyer, J.P. (1991) A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1, 61-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
- Mitus, J. S. (2006). Organizational socialization from a content perspective and its effect on the affective commitment of newly hired rehabilitation counselors. Journal of Rehabilitation, 72(2), 12–20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication
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- Nikpour, A., Chamanifard, R., & Maisam, R. N. (2012). The role of employee socialization in organizational effectiveness and efficiency. Social, Economic, Scientific, and Cultural Monthly of Work and Society, 150, 20–25. https://www.magiran.com/p1121091.
- Nourouzi Seyed Hosseini, R., & Kalateh Seifari, M. (2014). The effect of organizational entrepreneurship on organizational socialization and organizational commitment in the employees of Physical Education Department of Mazandaran Province. Sport Management (Harakat), 6(1), 89–108. https://www.sid.ir/paper/159362
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- DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.113
- Pitts, R. (2010). Organizational socialization of physicians into a large medical group practice. [Doctoral dissertation, Walden University].
- Porgoli, F., Faghiharam, B., & Moradi, S. (2021). Investigating the relationship between organizational socialization with retention of talents and the role of mediator of organizational trust. Journal of New Approach in Educational Administration, 12(3[49]), 124–140. https://sid.ir/paper/999915/en.
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- https://civilica.com/doc/1592121.
- Robbins, S. P. (2005). Organizational behavior (11th ed.). Prentice-Hall of India.
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References
Abdollahi, B., & Hemmati, M. (2014). The relationship between socialization and organizational commitment among staff of both volunteers & youth organizations in Red Crescent Society of Iran. Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief, 6(1), 43–54. https://sid.ir/paper/190937/en
Abdullah, A. (2011). Evaluation of Allen and Meyer’s organizational commitment scale: A cross cultural application in Pakistan. Journal of Education and Vocational Research, 1(3), 80–86. DOI:10.22610/jevr.v1i3.13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v1i3.13
Afsanepurak, S. A., Hossini, R. N. S., Seyfari, M. K., & Nasab, Z. M. (2012). The relationship between organizational socialization and organizational commitment in physical education department employees in Mazandaran, Iran. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(1), 187. https://hrmars.com/papers
Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18. https://www.researchgate.net/file.PostFileLoader. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2023). Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice (16th ed.). New York, NY.
Bahroodi, P., & Sharifi, K. (2022). Organizational commitment of Iranian nurses: A systematic review. Quarterly Journal of Nursing Management, 11(1), 21–32. http://ijnv.ir/article-1-869-en.html
Ulukapı Yılmaz, H., & Yılmaz, A. (2016). The effect of organizational socialization on organizational commitment: Mediation role of psychological empowerment. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 6204-6219. doi:10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4206.
Buchanan, B. (1974). Building organizational commitment: The socialization of managers in work organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 19(4), 533–546. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2391809
Cichy, R. F., Cha, J., & Kim, S. (2009). The relationship between organizational commitment and contextual performance among private club leaders. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28, 53–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.03.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.03.001
Cohen, A., & Veled Hecht, A. (2008). The relationship between organizational socialization and commitment in the workplace among employees in long term nursing care facilities. Personnel Review, 39(5), 537–556. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011064136 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011064136
Edwin, D., & Odumegu, C. (2019). Effects of socialization on employees’ work behavior in selected micro finance banks in Port Harcourt. International Journal of Business & Law Research, 7(3), 29–36. ISSN: 2360-8986. www.seahipaj.org.
Exum, M. E. (1998). An examination of the relationship between organizational socialization and the organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and role orientation of new student affairs professionals (pp. 12–26). Ohio University.
Fani, A. A., Hasanzadeh, H., Ahmadi Azarm, H., & Safayi Shakib, A. (2014). Organizational socialization and its role in newly recruited employees' intention to leave: Case study: Pars Oil and Gas Company. Strategic Studies in the Oil and Energy Industry, 5(20), 3–26. http://iieshrm.ir/article-1-357-en.html
Feldman, D. C. (1981). The multiple socialization of organization members. Academy of Management Review, 6(2), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.2307/257888. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/257888
Fisher, C. D. (1986). Organizational socialization: An integrative view. Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management, 4, 101–145. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Talya-Bauer-2
Gardner, S. K. (2010). Faculty perspectives on doctoral student socialization in five disciplines. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 5, 39–53. https://doi.org/10.28945/1310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.28945/1310
Ghalavandi, H., & Soltanzadeh, V. (2012). The relationship between organizational socialization and organizational commitment among the University of Orumiyeh personnel. Journal of Management and Development Process, 24(78), 93–111. https://sid.ir/paper/246217/en.
Ghasemzadeh Alishahi, A., Panahigaradaglo, M., & Minaie, H. (2021). Investigating the effect of organizational socialization and social capital on teachers’ responsibility: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Social Psychology Research, 11(42), 53–74. https://doi.org/10.22034/spr.2021.269120.1616 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47119/IJRP100741420211843
Gruman, J. A., Saks, A. M., & Zweig, D. I. (2006). Organizational socialization tactics and newcomer proactive behaviors: An integrative study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(1), 90–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2006.03.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2006.03.001
Haghighatian, M., Hashemianfar, S. A., & Moradi, G. (2013). The survey of the effect of organizational socialization on social responsibility of employees in Kermanshah Oil Company. Journal of Applied Sociology, 24(3), 71–96. https://jas.ui.ac.ir/article_18316_en.html.
Hartley, K. (1992). Socialization by way of symbolic interactionism and culture theory: A communication perspective. Annual Meeting of the Speech Communication Association, Chicago, IL.
Hoveida, R., Jamshidian, A., & Far, M. (2011). A study of the relationship between organizational socialization and commitment of teachers of Hamadan secondary schools. Applied Sociology, 22(3), 63–82. http://jas.ui.ac.ir/article_18234.html.
Javadin, S. R., Amin, F., Rastagar, A., & Raoufi, S. (2021). Developing an organizational socialization model for the Iranian banking system. Transformation Management Journal, 12(1), 1–22. http://magiran.com/p2253082
Jones, G. R. (1986). Socialization Tactics, Self-Efficacy, and Newcomers’ Adjustments to Organizations. The Academy of Management Journal, 29(2), 262–279. https://doi.org/10.2307/256188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/256188
Judeh, M. (2011). Role ambiguity and role conflict as mediators of the relationship between orientation and organizational commitment. International Business Research, 4(3), DOI:10.5539/ibr.v4n3p171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v4n3p171
Karimi, S., Mohammadinia, L., & Mofid, M. (2015). The survey of relation between compasses of socialization and productivity of employees in selected hospitals based on Biligard and Gold smite models. Health Information Management, 11(7), 1036–1046. https://him.mui.ac.ir/article.
Kowtha, N. R. (2008). Engineering the engineers: Socialization tactics and new engineer adjustment in organizations. Academic Journal, 55(1), 67–81. DOI:10.1109/TEM.2007.912809. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2007.912809
Kuvaas, B. (2003). Employee ownership and affective organizational commitment: Employees' perceptions of fairness and their preference for company shares over cash. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 19(2), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5221(01)00044-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5221(01)00044-6
Louis, M. R. (1980). Surprise and Sense Making: What Newcomers Experience in Entering Unfamiliar Organizational Settings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 226-251.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2392453. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2392453
Makvandi, F., & Jahantabinezhad, S. (2018). The concept of organizational socialization and its institutionalization methods. Sociology of Education, 4(1), 171–177. doi: 10.22034/ijes.2018.43743.
Mansoori, H. (2020). Factors affecting organizational commitment and the role of organizational justice in promoting. Strategic Studies in Petroleum and Energy Industry (Human Resource Management in the Oil Industry), 11(42), 315–343. https://sid.ir/paper/388642/en
Allen, N.J. and Meyer, J.P. (1991) A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1, 61-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
Mitus, J. S. (2006). Organizational socialization from a content perspective and its effect on the affective commitment of newly hired rehabilitation counselors. Journal of Rehabilitation, 72(2), 12–20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication
Naderi, F., et al. (2015). The relationship between components of psychological empowerment and organizational commitment with controlling age, work experience, and education in high school teachers. Journal of Applied Sociology, 26(1), 185–204. URL: http://taxjournal.ir/article-1-34-fa.html.
Nikpour, A., Chamanifard, R., & Maisam, R. N. (2012). The role of employee socialization in organizational effectiveness and efficiency. Social, Economic, Scientific, and Cultural Monthly of Work and Society, 150, 20–25. https://www.magiran.com/p1121091.
Nourouzi Seyed Hosseini, R., & Kalateh Seifari, M. (2014). The effect of organizational entrepreneurship on organizational socialization and organizational commitment in the employees of Physical Education Department of Mazandaran Province. Sport Management (Harakat), 6(1), 89–108. https://www.sid.ir/paper/159362
Ozdemir, Y., & Ergun, S. (2015). The relationship between organizational socialization and organizational citizenship. 11th International Strategic Management Conference, 432-443
DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.113
Pitts, R. (2010). Organizational socialization of physicians into a large medical group practice. [Doctoral dissertation, Walden University].
Porgoli, F., Faghiharam, B., & Moradi, S. (2021). Investigating the relationship between organizational socialization with retention of talents and the role of mediator of organizational trust. Journal of New Approach in Educational Administration, 12(3[49]), 124–140. https://sid.ir/paper/999915/en.
Rajabi Farjad, H., & Akrami, M. (2018). Investigating the relationship between organizational socialization and social responsibility (Case study: Employees of the Cultural Organization of Mashhad Municipality). Journal of Socio-Cultural Studies of Khorasan, 12(3), 87–118. : 20.1001.1.26766116.1397.12.3.4.7
Raisi, Z. , Salimian, F. , Najari, R. and Amirkhani, A. (2012). The Relationship between Organizational Socialization and Commitment among Nurses in Shariati Hospital, Isfahan, Iran*. Health Information Management, 8(8), 1104-1111.
https://civilica.com/doc/1592121.
Robbins, S. P. (2005). Organizational behavior (11th ed.). Prentice-Hall of India.
Sarwary, K. R. (2024). Human Resource Management (2nd ed.). Kabul: Azim Publications.
Sarwary, K., Jahez, W., & Mahmood, S. A. N. (2024). Investigating the relationship between organizational commitment and organizational health (Case study: Kabul University Professors). Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies, 7(7), 4673–4683. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i7-85 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i7-85
Shaemi Barzoki, A., & Ashghari, J. (2010). The relationship between organizational socialization and organizational commitment in Kurdistan Province Gas Company. Transformational Management Journal (Journal of Management Research), 2(3), 109–127. https://sid.ir/paper/154019/en
Sollova, D. (2019). Organizational socialization process and its impact on new employees’ job satisfaction, commitment, and retention intentions: Experiences from the banking sector in Kosovo [Master’s thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology].
Soltanzadeh, V., Ghalavandi, H., & Seyedabbaszadeh, M. (2015). Simple and multiple relationship between organizational socialization and social responsibility (A case study of staff in Urmia University). Journal of New Approach in Educational Administration, 6(1[21]), 167–189. https://sid.ir/paper/168659/en
S. Javadin, S. R., Amin, F., Rastagar, A., & Raoufi, S. (2021). Developing an organizational socialization model for Iranian banking system. Transformation Management Journal, 12(1), 1–22. https://www.magiran.com/paper/2253082
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